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L’utilisation de photographies aériennes et de profils acoustiques a permis de mettre en évidence une dominance des communautés algales occupant un tiers des 450 km² cartographiés autour de l’île et colonisant divers substrats. Les récifs coralliens et les herbiers de phanérogames, avec des surfaces totales d’environ 50 km² chacun, sont majoritairement présents dans le sud caraïbe et sur la région centre-atlantique caractérisée par un système de double barrière. L’état de santé des communautés coralliennes est très alarmant puisque 80% d’entre elles sont dégradées, principalement en raison d’un développement des macroalgues et/ou d’une hypersédimentation. Parmi le grand nombre de pressions anthropiques identifiées sur le territoire martiniquais, les sources de pollution en nutriments et en MES apparaissent prédominantes. 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